custom exception class java

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creating custom exception classes in java is a useful way to handle specific error scenarios in your applications. by defining your own exceptions, you can provide more meaningful error messages and handle different error types more effectively.

why use custom exceptions?

1. **clarity**: custom exceptions can provide more context about the error that occurred.
2. **granularity**: different parts of your application can throw different exceptions for different error conditions, allowing for more fine-grained error handling.
3. **separation of concerns**: they enable you to separate error handling logic from regular logic, improving code organization.

steps to create a custom exception class

1. **extend the exception class**: create a new class that extends either `exception` (for checked exceptions) or `runtimeexception` (for unchecked exceptions).
2. **define constructors**: implement constructors that allow you to pass error messages and/or causes.
3. **add any additional methods**: if needed, you can add additional methods to your custom exception class.

example of a custom exception class

let's create a simple custom exception called `invalidageexception` that is thrown when an invalid age is provided.

step 1: define the custom exception class



step 2: use the custom exception

now, let's create a method that checks the age and throws the custom exception if the age is invalid.



explanation of the code

1. **custom exception class**:
`invalidageexception` extends `exception`, indicating it is a checked exception.
we provide several constructors to allow flexibility when throwing the exception.

2. **validator class**:
`agevalidator` contains the method `validateage` that checks if the provided age is valid.
if the age is invalid, it throws an `invalidageexception` with a meaningful message.
in the `main` method, we test the `validateage` method with both valid and invalid ages, catching the `invalidageexception` and print ...

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