Скачать или смотреть How to Match a Specific Word in a List of Strings in Python, Ignoring Case Sensitivity

Learn how to define a Python function that returns the indices of strings containing a specific keyword, regardless of case. Explore code examples and explanations to enhance your skills!
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/63891950/ asked by the user 'Rea Kalampaliki' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/13249714/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/63892002/ provided by the user 'Frank Yellin' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/6457407/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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How to Match a Specific Word in a List of Strings in Python, Ignoring Case Sensitivity

When working with strings in Python, one common task is finding the indices of strings in a list that contain a specific keyword, irrespective of whether the characters are in uppercase or lowercase. This can often be tricky due to the case sensitivity of string comparisons. In this guide, we will explore how to efficiently tackle this problem by creating a Python function that achieves just that.

Understanding the Problem

Let’s break down the requirements for our function:

Inputs:

A list of strings (doc_list).

A keyword string to search for.

Output:

A new list containing the indices of the strings in doc_list that include the keyword, regardless of character casing.

For example, if you have the following list:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

and you're searching for the keyword 'name', the desired output would be:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Building the Function

To solve this, we can implement a function called find_the_word as follows:

Basic Implementation

Initially, you may think of using the built-in index() method. However, it will only give you the first occurrence, thus we will use a list comprehension along with enumerate().

Here’s the code for our basic attempt:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

While this is a good start, it doesn't account for case differences. We need to refine it to be case insensitive.

Case Insensitive Search

To perform a case-insensitive search, we must convert both the keyword and the strings in doc_list to the same case (either upper or lower). Here’s how to do that:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Explanation of Code

keyword_upper = keyword.upper(): Converts the keyword to uppercase.

enumerate(doc_list): This generates a pair of index and element from doc_list.

element.upper(): Similarly, converts each string in doc_list to uppercase for comparison.

The final list comprehension constructs the list of indices where the condition is fulfilled.

Performance Improvement with Regular Expressions

If you expect to work with large lists and require optimal performance, consider using regular expressions for better efficiency:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Summary of Solutions

Basic Case Sensitive Version: Simple function utilizing index() (not recommended for cases without prior knowledge of the string structure).

Case Insensitive with upper(): Reliable for most needs and easy to understand.

Using Regular Expressions: Best for performance in larger datasets with the re module.

Conclusion

Matching a keyword in a list of strings while ignoring the case is a common task in Python applications. With the above solutions, you can create a function that efficiently finds the indices of strings that match your case-insensitive search criteria.

Keep experimenting with the code snippets shared in this post, and soon you'll be comfortable handling string searches in Python with confidence!