TABLEAU CUSTOM MAPS: SPATIAL FILES

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These are also referred to as shapefiles and contain all information required for drawing the shapes (polygons) on a map.

Shapefiles can come in different formats and types, and Tableau caters for the following:
MapInfo tables (.tab, .dat, .map, and .id or .mid or .mif files)
KML files: (.kmlfile)
GeoJSON files (.geojson)
ESRI shapefiles (.shp, .shx, and .dbf files)

We will focus on the ESRI shapefiles. Contained within the package should be the following at a minimum:
.shp — Shape format; the feature geometry itself
.shx — Shape index format; a positional index of the feature geometry to allow seeking forwards and backwards quickly.
.dbf — Attribute format; columnar attributes for each shape, (dBase IV format)

Why is it that we need to work with external shapefiles if most of the countries, states, provinces etc. are already defined by default in Tableau?

Unfortunately, that is sometimes just not enough! Let’s look a bit closer why that is.

Let’s say you need to present natural resources (such as dams) on a Tableau map. These are not defined in Tableau, and this is where shapefiles come in handy.

There are a lot of shapefile packages available on the internet relating to a vast amount of different topics. Some are paid, but you will also come across a lot of free resources. And hey, why reinvent the wheel if it is not necessary!