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Verb Should // Expressing regret or criticism about past actions

Use of past modals.
The modal verb "should" is typically used to talk about present and future situations, expressing advice, obligation, or expectation. However, when discussing the past, we can still use "should" in a few different ways:
1. Expressing regret or criticism about past actions:

He should have studied more for the exam. (He didn't study enough, and it's regrettable now.)
They should have listened to the warnings. (They didn't listen, and it's a criticism of their past behavior.)

2. Making assumptions or giving opinions about past events:

She should have arrived home by now. (I assume she arrived home based on the expected time.)
It should have been a great movie. (I have an opinion that the movie was likely enjoyable.)

3. Indicating unrealized expectations or missed opportunities in the past:

We should have gone on vacation last month. (We missed the opportunity to go on vacation in the past.)
He should have won the race, but he tripped and fell. (He was expected to win, but he didn't due to the fall.)

4. Speculating about past events or possibilities:

She should have been at the party. (Speculating that she was likely present at the party.)
The train should have left at 8 am. (Speculating about the scheduled departure time.)

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Listen to the video and fill in the gaps :

Once upon a time, there was a man named Jack who 1) _____ a burrito before bed. The next morning, he woke up feeling sick and realized he 2) ____ _____ ______ that burrito. He thought to himself, "3) __ ______ ____ known better than to eat a spicy burrito before bed."

Later that day, Jack went to the doctor because he 4) ______ even worse. The doctor asked him, "Did you eat something unusual last night?"

Jack replied, "I ate a burrito before bed."

The doctor said, "5) __ ______ _____ _____ that. You should have known it would make you sick."

Jack thought to himself, "6) __ ___________ ___ _____ that burrito. I should have listened to my mom when she told me not to eat spicy food before bed."

From that day on, Jack learned his lesson and never ate a burrito before bed again. The end.

Moral of the story: Past modals are used to express regret, advice, and speculation about past events. So, the next time you're thinking about eating something spicy before bed, remember Jack's story and use past modals to express what you 7) ______ ___ ____ instead!

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Check yourself :
Once upon a time, there was a man named Jack who 1) ate a burrito before bed. The next morning, he woke up feeling sick and realized he 2) shouldn't have eaten that burrito. He thought to himself, "3) I should have known better than to eat a spicy burrito before bed."

Later that day, Jack went to the doctor because he 4) felt even worse. The doctor asked him, "Did you eat something unusual last night?"

Jack replied, "I ate a burrito before bed."

The doctor said, "5) You shouldn't have done that. You should have known it would make you sick."

Jack thought to himself, "6) I shouldn't have eaten that burrito. I should have listened to my mom when she told me not to eat spicy food before bed."

From that day on, Jack learned his lesson and never ate a burrito before bed again. The end.

Moral of the story: Past modals are used to express regret, advice, and speculation about past events. So, the next time you're thinking about eating something spicy before bed, remember Jack's story and use past modals to express what you 7) should have done instead!


More about modal verbs:
https://www.vivavox.com.ua/post/modal...

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