Скачать или смотреть Solving the Multiple Body Parameters Problem in OpenAPI 2.0

Learn how to effectively have multiple body parameters in OpenAPI 2.0, including both object and primitive types, for your API design.
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Dealing with Multiple Body Parameters in OpenAPI 2.0

When designing APIs with OpenAPI 2.0, you may encounter a common challenge: how to include multiple body parameters in a single request body. This often arises when you need to combine object types with primitive types. If you're hitting a wall with the Swagger Editor displaying an error about "multiple body parameters not being allowed," don't worry. This post will break down how to navigate this hurdle effectively.

The Problem

You may want to structure your request body to encapsulate various pieces of data, like a complex object alongside some additional primitive parameters. For instance, let’s say you’d like your body to include a criteria object and two primitive fields, offset and limit:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

However, the Swagger Editor won't allow you to define this structure directly using body parameters. So, how do we achieve this?

The Solution

Step 1: Define the Entire Request Body as One Object

Instead of attempting to define multiple parameters in the parameters section of your OpenAPI definition, the solution lies in defining a single parameter for the entire request body. This single parameter should dictate the structure expected in the body, allowing it to encapsulate all necessary data types within one object.

Step 2: Create a Comprehensive Schema for the Request Body

To make this work, define a new schema in the definitions section that encapsulates all parameters, including the primitive ones like offset and limit, as well as the complex criteria object.

Here’s a practical example of how to restructure your OpenAPI definition.

Paths Configuration

Your paths configuration for /user would look like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Definitions Section

In your definitions, set up a new object called UserSearchParams that includes both the criteria object and the additional fields:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Conclusion

By creating a single body parameter that encapsulates all necessary data types through a well-defined structure in your OpenAPI specification, you successfully solve the issue of including multiple body parameters. Adopting this strategy not only aligns with OpenAPI 2.0’s constraints but also enhances the organization and clarity of your API design.

Now that you have a structured approach to manage multiple body parameters in OpenAPI 2.0, you can ensure your API endpoints are both effective and user-friendly. Happy coding!