IAS 21 Foreign Currency Exchange Transaction | IFRS Lectures | ACCA Exam | International Accounting

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An entity may carry on foreign activities in two ways. It may have transactions in foreign currencies or it may have foreign operations. IAS 21 prescribes how an entity should:

account for foreign currency transactions;
translate financial statements of a foreign operation into the entity’s functional currency; and
translate the entity’s financial statements into a presentation currency, if different from the entity’s functional currency.

IAS 21 permits an entity to present its financial statements in any currency (or currencies).
The principal issues are which exchange rate(s) to use and how to report the effects of changes in exchange rates in the financial statements.

An entity’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (ie the environment in which it primarily generates and expends cash). Any other currency is a foreign currency.


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