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A step-by-step guide on how to resolve merge conflicts when merging branches in Git using pull requests, perfect for teams leveraging Bitbucket and version control.
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Resolving Merge Conflicts through a Pull Request

When managing software development, using version control systems like Git is crucial for collaborative work. However, issues can arise when merging branches, particularly when two developers make conflicting changes. One common situation is when you have a Master branch that reflects production changes and a Sprint branch for ongoing releases. If you need to merge Master into Sprint but encounter merge conflicts, fear not! This guide will explain how to resolve those conflicts using pull requests effectively.

Understanding the Problem

Merge conflicts occur when changes from one branch contradict changes from another branch. In your case, you wish to merge Master into your Sprint branch but cannot push changes directly due to permissions set on your repository. Instead, you need to create a new branch and resolve the conflicts locally before conducting a pull request.

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Create a Work Branch

From Local Repo: Start by opening your terminal or command line interface on your local repository where your code is maintained.

Run the following command to create a new working branch based on Master:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 2: Merge the Sprint Branch

While on your newly created workbranch, merge the Sprint branch to your branch:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This command will attempt to merge Sprint into workbranch. If there are conflicting changes, Git will notify you.

Step 3: Resolve Merge Conflicts

Fixing Conflicts: Navigate to the files indicated by Git as having conflicts. Open these files in your preferred text editor.

You will often see markers indicating the conflicting sections like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Edit the file by removing the markers and making the necessary changes to harmonize both sets of code.

Step 4: Commit the Resolved Changes

Once you've resolved all conflicts:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 5: Push the Work Branch to Remote

Push your workbranch to the remote repository:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 6: Create a Pull Request in Bitbucket

On Bitbucket: Navigate to your repository in Bitbucket.

Open a new pull request:

Set the base branch to master (or another branch as required).

Set the compare branch to workbranch.

Provide a detailed description of the changes made and any relevant notes on the conflicts resolved, then submit the pull request.

Conclusion

Merging branches and resolving conflicts can be a daunting task, especially under restrictions like direct push permissions. By following these structured steps, you can efficiently manage these situations using a temporary work branch and pull requests. Remember that communication with your team during such processes is crucial, as it helps everyone stay on the same page regarding changes being made. Happy coding!