Скачать или смотреть Rome Was Built on Etruscan Ashes

The Etruscan civilization was a powerful, advanced culture in ancient Italy (modern Tuscany, Umbria, Lazio) from roughly 900–27 BCE, known as early Mediterranean "superpowers" who built Europe's first true cities, excelled in metalwork, established trade, and significantly influenced early Roman culture and governance, leaving behind unique art, language, and religious practices before being absorbed by Rome.

Key Aspects

Location & Time: Flourished in Etruria (central Italy), peaking between 8th-3rd centuries BCE, predating Rome's dominance.

Society: Organized into independent, culturally linked city-states (like Veii, Tarquinia), often ruled by kings (Lauchume) or councils, forming leagues like the Dodecapolis.

Economy: Rich in mineral resources (iron, copper), leading to thriving metalworking (bronze, gold, silver) and extensive trade with Greeks, Phoenicians, and others.
Culture & Art:

Known for vivid terracotta sculptures, Bucchero pottery, intricate jewelry, and tomb paintings.
Developed a unique language (Etruscan) and a rich polytheistic religion with divination (haruspicy/augury), influencing Roman religious rites.
Roman Influence: Taught Romans the alphabet, introduced symbols like the fasces, and their kings (like the Tarquins) ruled early Rome before being overthrown.

Decline: Gradually absorbed by the growing Roman Republic through conquest and cultural assimilation, with Etruscan language dying out by the 1st century AD.
Legacy

Despite their eventual disappearance as a distinct people, the Etruscans left an indelible mark on Roman civilization, particularly in religion, urban planning, and symbols of power, seen in surviving tombs and artifacts.


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