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Components of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology
MBR is an advanced wastewater treatment process that combines biological treatment with membrane filtration. Here are the key components:


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🧱 1. Biological Reactor (Aeration Tank)

Contains activated sludge (microorganisms) to degrade organic matter.

Aeration system (diffusers + blowers) supplies oxygen for microbial activity.

Functions like a traditional activated sludge system.



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🧪 2. Membrane Unit (Separation Tank)

Membranes (usually hollow fiber or flat sheet) separate clean water from sludge.

Acts as a physical barrier to retain solids and bacteria.

Pore size: typically 0.01–0.1 µm (microfiltration or ultrafiltration).



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🔄 3. Recirculation Pump

Recirculates mixed liquor from the membrane tank to the biological reactor.

Maintains proper MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids) and process stability.



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🌀 4. Permeate Pump

Draws treated water (permeate) through the membrane under vacuum or slight pressure.

Controls flux rate (flow per unit membrane area).



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💨 5. Air Scouring System

Prevents membrane fouling by creating turbulence around the membranes.

Enhances membrane life and performance.



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🧼 6. Membrane Cleaning System (CIP Unit)

Used for chemical cleaning of membranes to remove fouling/scaling.

Typically includes acid, alkali, and disinfectant washes.



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📊 7. Control and Monitoring System

Automated system to monitor:

pH

DO (Dissolved Oxygen)

TMP (Transmembrane Pressure)

MLSS

Flow rates and alarms




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