Скачать или смотреть মাধ্যমিক ভৌত বিজ্ঞানের সেরা সাজেশন | তাপের ঘটনাসমূহ (Heat)| How to score 100% in Physical Science |

In this video , our expert elaborates the number division and scope of scoring good marks in physical science chapter 4, taper ghotonasomuho.

Heat, energy that is transferred from one body to another as the result of a difference in temperature. If two bodies at different temperatures are brought together, energy is transferred—i.e., heat flows—from the hotter body to the colder. The effect of this transfer of energy usually, but not always, is an increase in the temperature of the colder body and a decrease in the temperature of the hotter body.
All three states of matter (solid, liquid and gas) expand when heated. The atoms themselves do not expand, but the volume they take up does.

When a solid is heated, its atoms vibrate faster about their fixed points. The relative increase in the size of solids when heated is therefore small. Metal railway tracks have small gaps so that when the sun heats them, the tracks expand into these gaps and don’t buckle.

Liquids expand for the same reason, but because the bonds between separate molecules are usually less tight they expand more than solids. This is the principle behind liquid-in-glass thermometers. An increase in temperature results in the expansion of the liquid which means it rises up the glass.

Molecules within gases are further apart and weakly attracted to each other. Heat causes the molecules to move faster, (heat energy is converted to kinetic energy) which means that the volume of a gas increases more than the volume of a solid or liquid.

However, gases that are contained in a fixed volume cannot expand - and so increases in temperature result in increases in pressure.
Thermal conduction is the transfer of internal energy by microscopic collisions of particles and movement of electrons within a body. The colliding particles, which include molecules, atoms and electrons, transfer disorganized microscopic kinetic and potential energy, jointly known as internal energy. Conduction takes place in all phases: solid, liquid, and gas. The rate at which energy is conducted as the heat between two bodies depends on the temperature difference (and hence temperature gradient) between the two bodies and the properties of the conductive interface through which the heat is transferred.

Thermal conductivity is defined as the transportation of energy due to the random movement of molecules across the temperature gradient. In simple words, it is defined as the measure of a material’s ability to conduct heat. It is denoted by k.

The inverse of thermal conductivity is thermal resistivity. It is defined as the temperature difference by which a material can resist the heat flow.

in this video :

1)Thermal expansion of solid, liquid and gas....
2)Linear , surface and volume expansion of solid
3) real and apparent expansion of liquid
4) volume expansion of gas
5) different expansion coefficient and their relationship
6) conduction of heat through solid
7) conductivity and its unit
8) difference and similarly in current conduction and heat conduction through solid


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