AC waveforms important Formulas in tamil

Instantaneous value:
The value of an alternating quantity at any instant is called instantaneous value. They are represented by small letters, i, v, e etc.,
Expression for instantaneous value of current:
i=Im sin θ
i=Im sin ωt
i=Im sin 2πft

Expression for instantaneous value of voltage:
v=Vm sin θ
v=Vm sin ωt
v=Vm sin 2πft


Amplitude:
It is the highest value attained by the current or voltages in a half cycle either positive or negative half cycle of an alternating quantity.

Cycle:
One complete set of positive and negative value of an alternating quantity is called a cycle.

Time period (T):
The time required for a sine wave to complete one full cycle is called Time period.

T = 1/F sec (or) m sec.
F = Frequency.

The period of a sine wave can be measured from a zero crossing to the next corresponding zero crossing.

The period can be also being measured from any peak in a given cycle to the corresponding peak in next cycle.

Peak value or Maximum value:
The peak value of a sine wave is the value of voltage (or current) at the positive or the negative maximum with respect to zero.

Average value or Mean value:
This is the average of the instantaneous values of an alternating quantity over one complete cycle of the a.c waveform.
It is also known as Mean value.

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