Скачать или смотреть Understand the distribution, frequency, and intensity of climate-driven socioeconomic impacts ...

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Notes from the Lesson:

Climate change impacts cascade beyond ecosystems into social and economic systems. These effects are unevenly distributed and amplify existing vulnerabilities.

Geographic distribution:
• Small island states: Face existential threats from sea-level rise and storm surge.
• Sub-Saharan Africa: Increasing drought, desertification, and food insecurity.
• South/Southeast Asia: Severe heatwaves and altered monsoon cycles.
• Urban coastal regions: Rising flood and infrastructure risks.

Socioeconomic sectors:
• Agriculture: Yields disrupted by drought, pests, and shifting rainfall; fisheries suffer from ocean warming and acidification.
• Water resources: Melting glaciers reduce river flows; groundwater depletion worsens scarcity; stress escalates conflict.
• Human health: Heat stress, vector-borne diseases, air pollution, and disaster-related mental health effects increase.
• Infrastructure: Floods, heat, and storms damage transport, energy systems, and housing, particularly in poorly prepared cities.

Temporal patterns:
• Immediate impacts: Storms, floods, and heatwaves cause direct economic and social losses.
• Chronic impacts: Long-term decline in productivity, displacement, and social instability. Impacts are often compounding — e.g., heatwaves raise energy demand, harm agriculture, and increase hospital admissions simultaneously.

Equity considerations:
Impacts are disproportionate. Vulnerable populations — rural farmers, poorer communities, women, children, displaced groups — often face the greatest exposure with the least capacity to adapt, despite contributing minimally to emissions.

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