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Cardiovascular disease or CVD is a general term for conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. It is the leading global cause of death - three-quarters of these deaths take place in countries of low and middle socio-economic status. In England alone, people living in areas of ‘deprivation are four times more likely to die prematurely.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Glasgow had one of the highest population densities in the world, some areas being considered the worst slums in Britain. Even today, Glasgow deals with high levels of socio-economic deprivation (homelessness and housing instability, economic and employment insecurities), along with high rates of smoking, drug, and alcohol use. Glaswegians have a 30% higher risk of dying before they are 65. This excessively high mortality rate in Glasgow has been coined, “The Glasgow Effect”.