Скачать или смотреть Top 7 Fighter Jets Capable of Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) and how they Achieve It

Here are 7 fighter jets capable of vertical takeoff and landing:

Yakovlev Yak-38: The only VTOL jet fighter to make it into the Soviet military's arsenal, featuring three engines for vertical takeoff and landing capabilities.

Hawker Siddeley Harrier: A British military aircraft that uses a single Rolls-Royce Pegasus turbine engine with four vector nozzles for vertical takeoff and landing.

British Aerospace Sea Harrier: A naval variant of the Harrier, equipped with a single Rolls-Royce Pegasus turbofan engine and four-vector able nozzles.

McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II: A second-generation Harrier jump jet, powered by an upgraded version of the Pegasus engine with two intakes and four synchronized vector able nozzles.

Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II: A fifth-generation fighter jet with vertical takeoff and landing capabilities, using a shaft-driven lift fan and a rear thrust-vectoring nozzle.

Yakovlev Yak-141: A supersonic VTOL fighter jet developed by the Soviet Union, featuring a lift fan and three engines for vertical takeoff and landing.

VFW VAK 191B: A German VTOL fighter jet developed in the 1960s, featuring a single engine and four lift jets for vertical takeoff and landing.

Vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) is achieved by fighter jets through various mechanisms that allow them to lift off the ground and land vertically, without the need for a runway. Here are the main technologies used:

1. Lift Fans
Lift fan system: A lift fan is a large fan that blows air downward to create lift. In a VTOL aircraft, the lift fan is typically mounted in the fuselage and is driven by a turbine engine.
*Example*: The Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II uses a shaft-driven lift fan to achieve VTOL capability.

2. Vectoring Thrust
Thrust vectoring: This technology allows the exhaust nozzle of a jet engine to be rotated, directing the thrust downward to create lift.
Example: The Harrier jump jet uses a single jet engine with four vectoring nozzles to achieve VTOL capability.

3. Tiltrotors
Tiltrotor technology: This uses rotating blades that can be tilted to provide both lift and propulsion. Tiltrotors can take off and land vertically like a helicopter and transition to flying like an airplane.
Example: The Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey is a tiltrotor aircraft that uses this technology to achieve VTOL capability.

4. Coaxial Rotors
Coaxial rotor technology: This uses two rotors that rotate in opposite directions, providing both lift and propulsion. Coaxial rotors can be used to achieve VTOL capability.

Example: The Kamov Ka-52K is a coaxial rotor helicopter that uses this technology to achieve VTOL capability.

5. Hybrid Electric Propulsion
Hybrid electric propulsion*l: This technology uses a combination of electric motors and traditional fossil-fuel engines to provide propulsion. Hybrid electric propulsion can be used to achieve VTOL capability.

Example: The Joby Aviation S4 is an electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft that uses hybrid electric propulsion to achieve VTOL capability.

These technologies enable fighter jets to achieve VTOL capability, allowing them to take off and land vertically, and transition to flying horizontally.

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