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A step-by-step guide on how to save your web view state in Android fragments during orientation changes using ViewModel in Java and Kotlin.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/62611841/ asked by the user 'Marlen Schreiner' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/13109018/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/62613393/ provided by the user 'Sajjad javadi' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/11270934/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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How to Save Web View State in Fragment on Orientation Change in Android

When developing Android applications, one common issue developers face is handling orientation changes. By default, when the orientation of an Android device changes (for example, from portrait to landscape), the current activity is destroyed and recreated. This can lead to the loss of information or state data, especially for user interfaces like web views. In this post, we'll explore a solution on how to effectively save the web view state in a fragment during such configuration changes.

The Problem

When users rotate their devices, the WebView usually reloads, causing potential frustration. If you've encountered this issue, you are not alone. You might have tried using a ViewModel to retain the web view state, but found that it doesn't work as expected, especially in Kotlin. So, how can we ensure that our web view retains its state during configuration changes like orientation changes?

The Solution

Using ViewModel in Java

Let’s break down how to implement a solution using the ViewModel architecture component in Java.

Step 1: Create a ViewModel

First, we need to create a ViewModel class to hold our web view state.

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Step 2: Save the WebView State

In your Fragment, during the onCreate method, initialize the ViewModel and save the current state of WebView:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 3: Handle Configuration Changes

Override the onConfigurationChanged method in your Fragment to observe changes:

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With this setup, your WebView will not reload when the orientation changes.

Using ViewModel in Kotlin

If you’re working with Kotlin, the implementation is similar but with Kotlin syntax. Here's how to adjust your ViewModel and Fragment.

Step 1: Create PageViewModel

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Step 2: Save the WebView State

In your Fragment’s onCreate method:

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Step 3: Handle Orientation Changes

Finally, in onConfigurationChanged:

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Important Setup in AndroidManifest.xml

If you find that onConfigurationChanged is not being called, ensure that you've added the following configuration in your AndroidManifest.xml file:

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This line will prevent the activity from being recreated on orientation change, allowing your custom onConfigurationChanged to execute properly.

Conclusion

Saving the web view state during orientation changes is crucial for providing a seamless user experience. By properly utilizing ViewModel and handling configuration changes, we can efficiently manage state retention without redundant reloads. With the approach outlined above, whether in Java or Kotlin, you should be able to tackle this common issue successfully.

If you've followed these steps and are still encountering issues, double-check your manifest settings and ensure everything is properly set up. Happy coding!