Скачать или смотреть To Measure Turbidity with a Jackson

Objective:- To determine the turbidity of the given sample with the help of Jackson turbidimeter.
equipment
Jackson Turbidimeter (25-1000) N.T.U. Its main parts are as follows-
1. Candle (made from wax made by bees) which burns at the rate of 114 to 125 grains per hour. (Bee's wax)
2. Graduated glass tube.
3. Steel tube inside which a graduated glass tube is placed.
4. Stand.
principle
Suspended and colloidal particles present in a solution cause turbidity in it. When light rays are passed through this solution, these rays get deflected by the suspended and colloidal particles. mess in solution The more it is, the more the rays are deflected. And the amount of light passing through the solution decreases. The amount of turbidity is determined by measuring the depth to which the light rays can penetrate a solution. The amount of turbidity produced by one milligram of silica when dissolved in one liter of distilled water is called the unit of turbidity. Its unit is called 1 J.T.U. or 1 N.T.U. or 1 ppm.
Jackson Turbidimeter By placing the graduated glass tube inside the steel tube, slowly pour the sample water into it. Before this, a candle is placed on the stand and lit. Now keep watching the light of the candle from above the graduated glass tube. Pour the sample water at the bottom until the light of the candle stops being visible. Now take out the graduated tube and note the depth of the sample water and find out the value of turbidity from Table-2. In some instruments

Calibrated glass tube
Steel tube
Stand
Candle
Jackson's Turbidity meter (pictured below)

The graduated glass tube is directly calibrated in J.T.U. units. Jackson turbidimeter is a standard instrument and all other instruments are calibrated by it.

Method

1. First of all clean the graduated glass tube thoroughly and place it in a steel tube.

2. Now light a candle (bee's wax) by placing it on a stand just below the graduated glass tube. Keep in mind that the flame of the candle should be about 7.6 cm below the bottom of the graduated tube.

3. After this, keep putting the sample in the graduated tube slowly and at the same time keep your eyes just above the graduated tube and keep looking at the light of the candle passing through the tube.

Table 2
Light path (cm)
Turbidity (J. T. U.)
Light path (cm)
Turbidity (J. T. U.)
Light path (cm)
Turbidity (J. T. U.)2.3
1000
7.0-
310
16.6
130
2.6
900
7.3
300
18.0
120
2.9
.4. When the light of the candle stops appearing through the tube, stop putting the sample in the tube and take out the glass tube. 5. Now carefully note the depth of the sample in the tube. If the tube is directly calibrated in J.T.U. units, then note the reading of turbidity. And if the calibration is in distance (cm), then find the value of turbidity from the table. 6. Similarly, take at least three samples and find their average.
Observation table
Description of sample
Sample number
Light path (cm)
Turbidity (J.T.U.)
Average value
Result
The turbidity of the given sample is.......... J.T.U.
Precautions
A graduated glass tube should be cleaned thoroughly. Especially its bottom should be cleaned from both inside and outside. Otherwise the turbidity value may be affected
2. The candle flame should not be exactly below the centre line of the glass tube.
3. The eye should be exactly above the tube.
4. The depth or turbidity reading should be noted only by keeping the tube in vertical position.