Truncus Arteriosus Symptoms, Causes, Pediatric Nursing NCLEX Review

Truncus arteriosus pediatric nursing NCLEX review over the symptoms, causes, nursing interventions, and pathophysiology.

Truncus arteriosus is a congenital heart defect where there is ONE artery, along with one truncal valve, that connects the right and left ventricles. This truncal artery will function to carry blood to both the lungs and body.

Normally, the heart should be structured where there are TWO arteries. These two arteries are the pulmonary artery and aorta.

The pulmonary artery comes off the right ventricle and carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs. While the aorta comes off the left ventricle and carries oxygenated blood to the body.

However, in this condition one artery is shared by the ventricle along with a truncal valve.

Most cases of truncus arteriosus are associated with a genetic disorder called DiGeorge Syndrome. Truncus arteriosus is relatively rare. According to the CDC.gov, in the United States there are about 300 cases per year.

Symptoms of truncus arteriosus include: cyanosis, increased respiratory rate, heart failure, poor feeding and weight gain, ejection systolic murmur at the left sternal border, and pulmonary hypertension.

Treatment for this condition includes: medications to help heart function since heart failure can occur (this includes Digoxin, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics), and surgery (which is usually performed within the first 14 days of life).

Nursing interventions for truncus arteriosus: this is detailed in the video

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