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Conflict in English tragedy is the central struggle (internal or external) driving the plot, creating tension, and leading to the hero's downfall, often involving a clash between desires and obstacles, duty and conscience, or characters and fate/society, ultimately evoking pity and fear in the audience, as seen in Hamlet's indecision or Macbeth's ambition. 

Types of Conflict in Tragedy:

Internal Conflict (Man vs. Self): A struggle within the protagonist's mind, often moral or psychological.

Examples: Hamlet's hesitation to avenge his father, Macbeth's guilt over regicide, Othello's jealousy.

External Conflict: Struggles against outside forces.

Character vs. Character: Hero against an antagonist (e.g., Macbeth vs. Macduff).

Character vs. Society: Hero against social norms or laws (e.g., Antigone's defiance).

Character vs. Fate/Destiny: Hero trapped by inescapable destiny (common in Greek tragedy, like Oedipus Rex).

Character vs. Nature/Supernatural: Struggle against natural forces or otherworldly beings (e.g., King Lear in the storm). 

Role and Significance:

Drives the Plot: Conflict provides motivation for the protagonist's actions and develops the narrative.

Reveals Character: It exposes a character's strengths, weaknesses, values, and inner turmoil.

Creates Tension: Opposing forces build suspense, leading to the tragic climax.

Theme Development: Explores deep themes like fate, free will, ambition, justice, and the human condition.

Catharsis: The resolution of conflict (often tragic death) purges the audience's emotions of pity and fear (catharsis). 

In essence, conflict isn't just an obstacle; it's the lifeblood of tragedy, charting the inevitable path from a flawed hero's desire to their ultimate destruction, making the audience feel deeply for their fate.