How leather is made step by step? Leather Production Process by Whanam

1. RAW Hide 00:14 – skin of animal, 100% Cow Hide from USA
2. BEAMHOUSE PROCESS 00:59 –
A. SOAKING- Process of recovering the moisture of dry skins with Chemicals, which accelerate the softening process, by rotating barrel. It help chemical can be permeated evenly in a hide.
Amount of water: 4 times * weight of hides
(Time is depends temperature of water) 68°F/24 hours, 60.8°F/48 hours, 42.8°F/60 hours
B. UNHAIRING – Process of removing hair
C. LIMING- Process of opening the skin structure to extract elements which can be negatively affected to the quality of leather
3. FLESHING 01:50 – Process of removing fats and meat residue from the flesh side of the skin as well as it help to remove the wrinkle especially on neck and belly.
4. SPLITTING 02:03 – Dividing a skin into two layers, Grain and flesh side, over the entire surface.
5. TANNING 02:13 - The most important step in leather production because it makes the leather resistant to decay (self-decomposition by microorganisms) by changing organic skin to inorganic leather. The main tanning methods are chrome tanning (most of the clothing leather and upper leather of shoes), vegetable tanning (most leather belts, sole leather, riding leather) and synthetic tanning.
6. WET BLUE SELECTION & SAMMYING 02:36 – Process of grouping wet blue in a certain grades. Graded wet blues are distributed by each article after re-balancing the percentage of water for shaving.
7. SHAVING 03:00 – Shaving leather to achieve desired thickness. Shaving machine, comprising knives arranged in a spiral formation, shaves the flesh side of the leather until the appropriate thickness is obtained. The fibers are cut to an even thickness.
8: DYEING 03:40 – Process of achieving desired base color.
9. SETTING 03:43 – Process of pressing out the wrinkles of leather.
10. VACUUM DRYING 03:53- Grain side of leather is placed to be heated on stainless in a vacuum.
11. NATURAL DRYING 04:22- Hanging the leather at outside until achieve the softness.
12. WET TOGGLE 04:39 – Process of pulling for shrunken leather to make flat.
13. BUFFING 04:59 – Process of shaving grain side for writing effect such as for Balsam/Nubuck.
14. OILLING 05:27 process of adding oil.
15. PATTERN EMBOSSING 06:29 – Process of pressing out certain pattern on leather.
16. IRONING 07:10 – Process of pressing to make it shiner, smoother, and thinner.
17. MILLING 07::43 – Process of giving softness by loosen leather fibers.
18. SPRAYING 08:15 – Process of coloring and adding certain chemical on surface level.
19. MEASURING 07:57 – Measuring size of each leather.

By WHANAM LEATHER IND. CO., LTD.