Inorganic Chemistry (04) Limit Test for Sulphate | Sulphate Limit Test | What is Limit Test Process

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Contents for 1st Unit of Inorganic Chemistry -

Impurities in pharmaceutical substances: History of
Pharmacopoeia, Sources and types of impurities, principles involved in the
limit test for Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Arsenic, Lead and Heavy metals,
modified limit test for Chloride and Sulphate

LIMIT TEST FOR SULPHATES
Apparatus Required
Nessler cylinders
Glass rod
Stand

Chemicals Required
1. Dilute Hydrochloric acid
2. Barium sulphate reagent.
Mix 15ml of 0.5m BaCl2,55ml of water and 20ml of sulphate free alcohol and add 5 ml of 0.0181% w/v potassium sulphate. Dilute to 10ml with water and mix. 0.5m BaCl2 Barium chloride in 1000 ml of water.

Principle
It is based upon the chemical reaction between Barium chloride and soluble sulphate in presence of dilute Hydrochloric acid . The turbidity produced is compared with the standard solution. Barium sulphate reagent contains barium chloride, sulphate – free alcohol and small quantity of potassium sulphate. The inclusion of the small quantity of potassium sulphate in the reagent increase the sensitivity of the test. Alcohol prevents super saturation and more uniform turbidity develops. If the turbidity produced in the test is more intense than the standard turbidity it fails the test . otherwise, it passes the test.

Procedure
Test sample
1. Specific weight of compound is dissolved in water or solution is prepared as directed in the pharmacopoeia and transferred in Nessler cylinder
2. Add 2ml of dilute hydrochloric acid
3. Dilute to 45 ml in Nessler cylinder
4. Add 5ml of barium sulphate reagent
5. Keep aside for 5 min
6. Observe the Turbidity

Standard compound
1. Take 1ml of 0.1089 % W/V solution of potassium sulphate in Nessler cylinder
2. Add 2ml of dilute hydrochloric acid
3. Dilute to 45 ml in Nessler cylinder
4. Add 5ml of barium sulphate reagent
5. Keep aside for 5 min
6. Observe the Turbidity

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