Why did milk loving Celts build 4000 forts? // History Documentary

Why did Celts of the British Isles build over 4000 hill forts during the Iron Age? The answer may have something to do with the conflict between those Bronze Age cowboys who maintained traditional pastoralist transhumance lifestyles, and those in the forts who depended more on arable farming. This can also explain why British Celts were the most lactose tolerant people on Earth at that time. In this documentary I visited Barbury Castle in Wiltshire, Castle an Dinas in Cornwall and several other magnificent Iron Age hill forts.

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Drone and additional camera work in Cornwall by ‪@ROTPband‬

Sources:
Patterson, N. et al. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age. Nature 601, 588–594 (2022)

Valdez-Tullett A. Sheep in Wealth’s Clothing: Social Reproduction across the Bronze Age to Iron Age Transition in Wiltshire, Southern England. European Journal of Archaeology. 2017;20(4):663-681. doi:10.1017/eaa.2016

Art:
Art created for Survive the Jive by Christian Sloan Hall and Alex Cristi. Other images are owned by their respective creators as credited on screen.

Music in order:
Halindir - Himmelbjerget
Bark Sound Productions - EGD
Hildigaldra - Dark viking
Wodenwyrd - Wulfslaep
Stewart Keller - Pockets
Graal Knyght - Pseudotsuga
The whole other - Ether oar
Stewart Keller - Button light pink
Bark Sound Productions - Mmy
Stewart Keller - Fresh current
Graal Knyght - Alpenfuchs

00:00 Hill forts intro
03:32 Bronze Age transhumance
08:46 Liegent
09:52 Bronze Age enclosures
10:48 Early Iron Age forts
12:02 Large Iron Age hill forts
16:18 Conflict: Arable v Pastoralist
19:21 Genetic evidence for increased lactase persistence
21:41 Alternative theories
23:39 Conclusion