Скачать или смотреть Interleukin 2 (IL 2) ; Definition, Roles, Receptor Interaction, Clinical significance

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune system by regulating the activities of white blood cells, particularly T cells. Here are some key points about IL-2:

Overview
Produced by: IL-2 is primarily produced by activated CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells.

Function: IL-2 stimulates the growth and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. It is essential for the body's natural response to infections and in discriminating between "self" and "non-self" cells1.

Role in Immune Response
T Cell Activation: IL-2 is critical for the activation and proliferation of T cells, which are essential for adaptive immunity.

NK Cell Activation: IL-2 also activates NK cells, which play a role in the innate immune response.

Regulatory T Cells: IL-2 is involved in the maintenance and function of regulatory T cells, which help modulate the immune response and prevent autoimmune diseases.

Therapeutic Applications
Cancer Therapy: IL-2 has been used as a treatment for certain cancers, such as metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, due to its ability to boost the immune system.

Biological Response Modifier: IL-2 can be used as a biological response modifier to enhance the body's immune response against cancer.

Signaling Pathway
Receptors: IL-2 signals through a receptor complex that includes IL-2Rα (CD25), IL-2Rβ (CD122), and IL-2Rγ (CD132).

Pathways: Upon binding to its receptor, IL-2 activates several signaling pathways, including the JAK-STAT pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and MAPK/ERK pathway

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