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According to the Forest Survey of India (ISFR) 2019, Dhanbad district has recorded the lowest forest cover percentage in Jharkhand, at approximately 6.84% of its total geographical area.
Forest Cover Data in Context
Jharkhand, with a total geographical area of about 79,714 km², has a forest cover of 28.82% overall, as per ISFR 2011 data, with variations across districts
. Among the districts listed in the query:
• Chatra: Higher forest cover (approx. 28–33% depending on source)
• Dhanbad: Lowest forest cover, around 6.84%
• Jamtara: Moderate forest cover, typically above 16–17%
• Palamu: Significantly forested, around 17–33% due to protected forest areas and plateau forest
This data clearly shows that Dhanbad has the least forested area relative to its total area.
Reasons for Low Forest Cover in Dhanbad
1. Extensive Mining and Industrialization: Dhanbad is India’s coal mining hub, known as the 'Coal Capital of India'. Extensive coal extraction, industrial zones, and urban development have reduced the natural forest area
2. Land Use Patterns: Large portions of land have been converted to mining dumps, residential colonies for mine workers, roads, and industrial facilities, leaving very little land for forests.
3. Soil Degradation and Environmental Stress: Mining activities and associated deforestation result in soil degradation, erosion, and frequent loss of vegetation cover, making forest regeneration difficult.
4. Plateau Geography: While Jharkhand has plateaus with forests, Dhanbad's geology is less favorable for dense forests compared to districts like Palamu or Chatra, which have natural forest reserves and moderate to dense vegetation
Summary
Among the options provided—Chatra, Dhanbad, Jamtara, and Palamu—Dhanbad district stands out with the lowest forest cover (6.84%) according to FSI 2019. The low percentage is mainly due to intensive coal mining, industrialization, urbanization, and associated environmental degradation. Other districts like Palamu or Chatra have better forest cover due to natural forest reserves and relatively less industrial land use

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