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Desertification in India Causes, Impact & Remedies 🌵 | Geography & Environment | AskPrep IAS

Desertification is a growing environmental concern in India, affecting millions of lives and vast stretches of land. In this video, we analyze:

🌍 What is Desertification?

The process of land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas due to climatic and human activities.
India's vulnerability: Over 30% of its land is affected by desertification.
⚠️ Causes of Desertification in India:

Deforestation: Excessive tree felling for agriculture, fuel, and urban expansion.
Overgrazing: Livestock overuse leading to loss of vegetation cover.
Unsustainable Farming Practices: Excessive irrigation causing salinization of soil.
Climate Change: Increasing temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns.
Mining and Industrial Activities: Soil erosion and contamination from mining operations.
📍 Regions Affected:

Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra: Most affected by arid conditions.
Semi-arid areas in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Telangana.
🌿 Impact of Desertification:

Reduced agricultural productivity and food insecurity.
Loss of biodiversity and habitats.
Increased frequency of sandstorms and dust storms.
Migration of rural populations due to lack of resources.
✅ Remedies and Conservation Measures:

Afforestation and Reforestation: Initiatives like the Green India Mission.
Sustainable Agriculture: Promoting crop rotation, organic farming, and water-efficient irrigation techniques.
Watershed Management: Rainwater harvesting and check dams to improve water availability.
Community Participation: Involvement of local communities in land management.
Government Initiatives:
National Action Plan to Combat Desertification (NAPCD).
Participation in UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification).
This detailed discussion is essential for UPSC aspirants studying Geography, Environment, and Sustainable Development.