India Mill & Chimney, Darwen, UK (UHD)

India Mill is an impressive Grade II listed building constructed of ashlar stone and par-point masonry throughout, with ornate decoration to cornices, door surrounds and window openings. It was designed by E. Bates of Manchester and built for Eccles Shorrock & Company between 1859 to 1871. It was opened in 1868 by the Marquis of Hartington.
The machinery inside was powered by two 125 HP W. & J.Yates beam engines with 51" cylinders and a 6' stroke which were started 1871 and by 1873 the mill contained 168 cards and 67 mule spindles. In 1890 the beam engines were replaced by a 1800 HP tandem compound engine with a 30 rope fly pulley, by Musgrave of Bolton. A separate engine house was erected to received this engine. In 1892 84,308 mule spindles, were running, employing a workforce of 250.
The mill chimney is of red brick and stone construction and is designed in the style of an Italian bell tower and originally had a 20 ton cast iron crown and stood at the 300 feet mark. In 1943 the crown was dismantled to aid the war effort and it now stands at 289 feet. The chimney is 24 foot square and is said to sit upon the largest single quarried stone block since Cleopatra's Needle. Extensive remedial work was carried out in 2007 but the structure has again since fell into disrepair. There are at least 2 pairs of peregrine falcons nesting at the top of the chimney.

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