𝟏𝟏. 𝐎𝐫𝐛𝐢𝐭 (𝐦𝐮𝐬𝐜𝐥𝐞𝐬, 𝐯𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐥𝐬, 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐬)

This video explains the anatomy of the muscles, vessels, and nerves of the orbit and their related applied anatomy (including MCQ, practical, and interactive questions).

𝐂𝐡𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬 (𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐦𝐩𝐬)💡الفصول (الطوابع الزمنية)
00:00 - Intro (مقدمة)
00:22 - Content (المحتوى)
02:02 - Muscles of the orbit
02:42 - Movements of the eyeball
09:28 - Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
12:45 - Recti muscles
24:06 - Oblique muscles
35:17 - Nerve supply of extraocular muscles
37:38 - Motor nerves of the orbit
53:46 - Applied anatomy
55:31 - Sensory nerves of the orbit
55:51 - Optic nerve
1:08:37 - Ciliary ganglion
1:11:10 - Arterial supply of the orbit
1:16:20 - MCQ
1:18:41 - Practical questions
1:22:03 - Interactive questions

𝐌𝐂𝐐: 💪 👋
1. How many muscles are responsible for controlling the eye movements?
A. Two
B. Four
C. Six
D. Eight

2. Which nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?
A. Trochlear
B. Abducent
C. Vestibulocochlear
D. Optic

3. The medial wall of the orbit includes which of the following bones?
A. Body of sphenoid
B. Vertical plate of palatine bone
C. Trochlear fossa
D. Lacrimal fossa

4. The lateral wall of the orbit includes which of the following bones?
A. Body of sphenoid
B. Vertical plate of palatine bone
C. Zygomatic bone
D. Lacrimal fossa

5. The structures that pass through the common tendinous ring include:
A. Trochlear nerve
B. Nasociliary nerve
C. Sympathetic fibers from the plexus around the internal carotid artery
D. Parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion

6. The inferior orbital fissure transmits which of the following nerves?
A. Maxillary
B. Posterior superior alveolar
C. Sphenopalatine
D. Zygomatic

7. Which among the following statements regarding the functions of the extraocular muscles is incorrect?
A. The inferior oblique muscle abducts the eye and moves it upwards
B. The superior rectus muscle abducts the eyes and moves it laterally
C. The superior oblique muscle abducts the eye and moves it downwards
D. The medial rectus muscle moves the eye medially

8. Which of the following statements about the eye are incorrect?
A. Aqueous humor is drained via the canal of Schlemm
B. Greatest visual acuity is found at the macula densa
C. The optic nerve is invested by all three meningeal layers
D. Parasympathetic fibres from the oculomotor nerve innervate the lacrimal gland.

9. While doing an eye exam on a patient with a brain tumor, you suspect damage to the nerve that supplies the lateral rectus muscle. What direction of gaze would be impaired?
A. Looking medially (inward)
B. Looking laterally (outward)
C. Looking inferiorly (downward)
D. Looking superiorly (upward)

10. Which muscle(s) are active to look straight downward?
A. Superior oblique only
B. Inferior oblique only
C. Superior oblique and inferior rectus
D. Inferior rectus only

11. A 31-year-old female volleyball player is admitted to the hospital after being hit in the eye with a ball. Physical examination reveals that the cornea of her eye cannot be turned upward. Which of the following muscles are most likely injured?
A. Superior rectus and superior oblique
B. Superior rectus and inferior oblique
C. Superior and medial recti
D. Inferior oblique and inferior rectus

12. A woman who suffered head trauma in a road traffic accident was brought to the emergency room. CT scan of the head revealed a fracture passing through the superior orbital fissure. Which functional loss is expected in this patient?
A. Loss of smell
B. Loss of vision
C. Inability to raise the upper eyelid
D. Inability to speak

13. A 31-year-old man is admitted to the hospital after a street fight. Radiographic examination reveals an inferior blow-out fracture of the orbit. Which of the following nerves is particularly vulnerable to this type of injury?
A. Infraorbital
B. Supratrochlear
C. Frontal
D. Optic

14. A 42-year-old female is admitted to the hospital after being struck in the orbital region. Physical examination reveals that the cornea of the affected eye cannot be abducted. Which of the following nerves is most likely injured?
A. Trochlear
B. Oculomotor
C. Abducent
D. Frontal

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#recti_muscles
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