Ends vs Means: Decoding Ethics Basics | UPSC GS 4 Insights | K M Pathi

Ends or Means: What matters? | Ethics Basics | UPSC GS 4 | K M Pathi
In this video, we explore one of the most fundamental debates in ethical philosophy: the relationship between "ends" and "means." What do these terms really mean in the context of ethical decision-making? And how do they shape our understanding of right and wrong?

Key Concepts:
* Ends are the goals we aim for. Are all ends justified, or should there be limits?
* Means are the methods used to achieve those goals. Is it acceptable to use any means to reach a good end, or do the means themselves matter?

Ethical Theories:
* Consequentialism: Explore J.S. Mill's Utilitarianism and whether the end justifies the means.
* Deontology: Discover how Immanuel Kant challenges this idea by emphasizing moral rules.
* Virtue Ethics: Learn Aristotle's perspective on balancing good ends with good means.

We also examine the relevance of ends and means in the context of:
* Business ethics: Profit vs. People
* Leadership & governance: The responsibility to balance ethical means with just ends
By the end of this video, you'll understand how the "ends vs. means" debate shapes everyday ethical choices, from personal dilemmas to global policies.

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00:15 - Introduction: Ends or Means
04:30 - What Will We Discuss Today?
04:46 - Meaning of Ends and Means
05:47 - 4 Basic Terms in Ethics
06:24 - Difference Between Ends and Means
08:44 - Relationship Between Ends and Means
10:35 - Relevance of the Words Ends and Means
12:31 - Ends and Means in the Context of Governance and Public Administration
13:35 - Conclusion