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Archimedes (c. 287 BCE - c. 212 BCE) was an ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, and inventor, widely regarded as one of the greatest figures in ancient science.
He was born in Syracuse on the island of Sicily and made a profound impact on local scholarship and technology. Archimedes is best known for discovering the principle of buoyancy (Archimedes' Principle), which explains the phenomenon of objects floating in liquids. According to legend, he made this discovery while taking a bath and, in a moment of excitement, ran through the streets shouting "Eureka!" ("I have found it!").

In addition to this, Archimedes developed methods for approximating the value of pi and worked with infinite series, laying the groundwork for modern mathematics.
His contributions include numerous theorems on calculating the areas and volumes of various shapes, which later formed the foundation for calculus.

As an inventor, Archimedes created many devices and machines, some of which were designed for warfare.
Notably, he is credited with inventing the "Archimedean screw" for lifting water, which was widely used for irrigation.
He also devised defensive mechanisms such as the "Archimedean lever" to pull enemy ships toward the shore and a "burning mirror" to set enemy ships on fire from a distance.

During the Roman siege of Syracuse, Archimedes applied his talents to develop advanced war machines. However, he was eventually captured and killed by the Roman army.
Despite this, his legacy endured for centuries, and his name remains highly regarded in the fields of mathematics and physics to this day.

0:00 Title
0:04 Early Life and Education
0:30 Mathematical and Scientific Discoveries
1:48 Inventions and War Machines
2:24 His End and Lasting Legacy