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Learn how to handle role-based access in Spring WebClient when calling secured REST API endpoints. This guide provides a step-by-step approach to ensuring your application has the necessary permissions.
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How to Set Roles in Spring WebClient for API Access

When integrating multiple Spring applications, you may encounter challenges related to role-based access management, especially when accessing secured endpoints. In this guide, we'll tackle a common issue: how to set roles in Spring WebClient when making requests to protected APIs.

The Problem: Access Denied

You have a Spring controller with two endpoints that require specific roles for access:

DELETE Endpoint: This requires the DEVELOPER role.

GET Endpoint: This requires the USER role.

However, when trying to call these endpoints from another Spring application using WebClient, you receive an "Unauthorized" error. The typical reasons for this could be related to missing authentication tokens or incorrectly configured role claims.

Example Code Structure

Your controller might look something like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

With security configuration similar to:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

The Solution: Adding Authorization Tokens

To successfully access these protected endpoints, you need to include an appropriate authorization token in your WebClient requests. Tokens are often implemented as Bearer tokens, typically generated by an authentication service once a user logs in.

Step-by-Step Guide to Adding Token in WebClient

Get the Token:

Before making requests to the secured endpoints, you should first obtain the JWT token. This usually involves sending credentials (username and password) to your authentication service.

Modify Your WebClient Request:

Once you have the token, you must include it in your WebClient requests. Here’s how you can set up your delete request:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Explanation of the Code

webClient.delete(): This initiates a DELETE request to the specified URI.

.uri(deleteUrl): Replace deleteUrl with your actual endpoint URL.

.headers(headers -> headers.setBearerAuth(token)): This line is crucial. It sets the header of the request to include the Bearer token, ensuring that the server can verify your user’s permissions.

.retrieve(): This method executes the request.

.bodyToMono(Void.class): This specifies that no body is expected in the response.

Conclusion

By following the steps outlined above, you should be able to access your Spring application's API endpoints securely by including the necessary roles via an authorization token in your WebClient requests. This will prevent unauthorized errors and enable smooth communication between your applications.

If you continue to face issues, ensure that:

The token is valid and properly generated.

The roles assigned to the user match those required by the endpoint.

Feel free to leave any questions or additional concerns you have in the comments below!