Скачать или смотреть The Army of Africa: The rise of Spain’s most feared civil war military force

Spain’s notorious Army of Africa–which was instrumental to the success of the Nationalists in the Spanish Civil War–was the field army stationed in Spain’s protectorate in Morocco, which lasted from 1912 until Moroccan independence in 1956.

France and Spain agreed to occupy separate zones of influence in Morocco in 1900, but were soon engulfed in an all-out war against the Riffian tribes in the region headed by Abd el-Krim.

The breakaway state, known as the Republic of Rif, existed from 1921 until 1926, and proved a formidable force against both France and Spain.

While the Riffian Republic was eventually dissolved, the battles the Spanish fought in Morocco were particularly brutalising: the army was told to show no mercy.

Francisco Franco, later the dictator of Spain, was one of the many soldiers serving in Morocco that would go on to carve out powerful positions in the 20th century Spanish state.

Franco later wrote, quote, “My years in Africa live within me with indescribable force … without Africa, I can scarcely explain myself to myself, nor can I explain myself to my comrades in arms”.

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