حیوانے میں ساڑو کا علاج ڈاکٹر محمد اشرف صاحبزادہ

Intramammary antibiotics should be the first-line treatment for cows with mild uncomplicated mastitis in a single quarter. Systemic antibiotics should be used when more than one quarter is affected, when udder changes are marked or when the cow is obviously ill.Bovine mastitis is an infectious disease of the mammary glands of dairy cattle, with high worldwide prevalence at both the cow and udder quarter levels [1–3]. Cows with mastitis cannot be milked regularly after the mammary gland cells are damaged. In addition, clot formation is common in mastitis milk; this is caused by enzymes produced by the pathogenic bacteria, such as coagulase, which enable the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin [4, 5]. Collectively, these factors alter milk quality, reduce milk yield, and increase treatment and care costs, resulting in great economic losses to the dairy industry