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Скачать или смотреть How The Sahara Desert Is Turning Into A Farmland.

  • The New Tourist
  • 2022-07-21
  • 2212
How The Sahara Desert Is Turning Into A Farmland.
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Описание к видео How The Sahara Desert Is Turning Into A Farmland.

HOW THE SAHARA DESERT IS TRANSFORMING INTO AN OASIS.

There is a green revolution in the Sahara desert, a hostile takeover of the once barren and dry land. This has been possible by the introduction of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration or F.M.N.R, a technique that aims to reverse the worst effects of desertification. Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration is a low-cost land restoration strategy that increases food and timber output while also enhancing climate resilience among impoverished subsistence farmers. The Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, which began in Niger in nineteen eighty-three, is a type of coppicing and pollarding that draws on traditional techniques and is attentive to regional differences.

Farmers use F.M.N.R systems to conserve and regulate the growth of trees and shrubs that naturally regenerate in their fields from rootstock or seeds spread by animal dung. Farmers can easily and affordably increase the number of trees in their fields by using F.M.N.R. The country responsible for most of today's active application of F.M.N.R is Niger. Niger has been through a lot of agricultural woes and this looks like its best chance at redemption. Between the nineteen fifties and nineteen eighties, the nearly complete removal of trees and bushes in Niger's agricultural zone had disastrous implications. Droughts, strong winds, high temperatures, barren soils, pests, and illnesses all exacerbated the impact of deforestation on crops and cattle.

These issues, when combined with high population increase and poverty, resulted in chronic hunger and occasional acute famine. In nineteen eighty-one, the entire country was suffering from significant environmental degradation; an already difficult landscape was transforming into a desert, and people were under extreme stress. Gathering low-quality firewood and building supplies took up an increasing amount of time. Women had to trek for miles to gather little branches and millet stalks; cattle and goat excrement were used as fuel. This lowered the amount of fodder available for cattle and the amount of manure that could be used as fertilizer. People would dig up the roots of the few surviving protected trees in the dead of night.

Crops were affected by 60 to 70-kilometer per hour gusts and stressed by higher temperatures and reduced humidity without the protection of trees. Crops were also harmed by sandblasting and burying during wind storms. In some cases, farmers had to replant crops up to eight times in one season. Crop damage was severe, and natural pest predators had vanished along with the trees. Traditional reforestation methods, such as cultivating tree seedlings in nurseries and putting them out, have failed.

The adoption of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration was sluggish at first. A few people attempted it but were mocked. The F.M.N.R-protected trees were frequently chopped down and stolen. Following extensive radio coverage of deforestation in the Maradi region of the country in nineteen eighty-four, a shift in thinking occurred. This was followed by a severe drought and famine across the country, reinforcing the link in people's thoughts. Communities were compelled to practice F.M.N.R on their farmland during the famine and as part of a food-for-work scheme. People in an entire district were leaving trees on their farms for the first time. A total of 500,000 trees were saved. Many individuals were surprised to discover that their crops thrived under the shade of the trees. Having excess wood for domestic use and sale helped everyone. Unfortunately, nearly two-thirds of the trees were cut down when the food-for-work program ended! However, a 12-month district-wide exposure to the benefits of F.M.N.R was adequate to introduce the concept and alleviate concerns about growing trees alongside crops. Farmers gradually began to conserve trees once more, and F.M.N.R became a regular practice. This new strategy spread largely from farmer to farmer over 20 years, and today five million hectares of farmland have been re-vegetated. This remarkable success occurred in one of the world's poorest countries, with no government or non-governmental investment in the forestry sector. The F.M.N.R grew from a project to a movement in a matter of months.

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