Скачать или смотреть Advance Practical PHP Explaining More Sanitization/Validation - video 99

I want to apologies for this short video. Every oe had to leave the building so I had to cut it short. I will continue on video 100.

To provide more robust sanitization and validation, you need to think in layers.

Your current step ( trim(htmlspecialchars(…)) ) is excellent for general output safety (XSS), but a complete solution requires input validation, data type enforcement, and database-level protection.

Here are the key things you can do to enhance security and data integrity:

Input Validation (Checking the Rules)

Validation ensures the input matches the expectations for the specific field. For a first_name field, you'd typically want to check for length and character set.

A. Character Set Filtering
Use PHP's filter_var() or regular expressions to ensure the name only contains allowed characters (letters, maybe hyphens, spaces, and certain foreign characters).

Remember on the last video I showed you that you have to trim, then match a pattern. And if true you have the variable run through
htmlspecialchars.

Database Security (The Most Crucial Step)

The biggest threat is SQL Injection, which occurs when user input is executed as a database command. No amount of PHP string sanitization can replace this step.

Use Prepared Statements

You must use Prepared Statements (Parameterized Queries) with your database extension (like PDO or MySQLi).

Prepare: You send the SQL query template to the database server with placeholders (like ? or named parameters :name).

Bind: You send the user data to the server separately from the query.

The database engine ensures the user data is treated only as data and can never be executed as a command, completely neutralizing SQL injection risk. Check out the PHP manual that is available online:
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