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🦴 Human Bones – Description

The human skeletal system is the internal framework of the body. It provides shape, support, and protection to internal organs and helps in movement through attachment to muscles.

An adult human body has 206 bones, while a newborn baby has around 270 bones (some later fuse together).

⚙️ Main Functions of Bones

Support – Gives shape and structure to the body.

Protection – Protects vital organs (e.g., skull protects the brain, ribs protect the heart and lungs).

Movement – Bones act as levers; muscles pull on them to produce motion.

Mineral Storage – Stores calcium and phosphorus.

Blood Cell Formation – Bone marrow produces red and white blood cells.

🧍‍♂️ Division of the Skeleton

The skeleton is divided into two main parts:

Axial Skeleton (80 bones)

Forms the central axis of the body.

Includes:

Skull – 22 bones (8 cranial + 14 facial)

Vertebral column (spine) – 26 bones

Ribs and Sternum – 25 bones

Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones)

Includes bones of the limbs and girdles (shoulder and pelvis).

Upper limb – Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Lower limb – Femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

Girdles – Shoulder (clavicle and scapula) and pelvic (hip bones)

🦵 Interesting Facts

The femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone.

The stapes (in the ear) is the smallest bone.

Bones are alive – they grow, repair, and contain blood vessels.