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To grow chili (mirchi) seeds at home, you need to sow them in a warm place with good light and keep the soil moist. The process involves preparing the seeds, planting them, and caring for the seedlings as they grow.
Step-by-Step Guide
Prepare the seeds: You can use seeds from a store-bought dry red chili or a seed packet.
Optional: For better germination rates, soak the seeds overnight in warm water before planting, or place them between damp paper towels in a sealed plastic bag for a few days.
Prepare the pot and soil:
Use small pots or a seed tray with drainage holes.
Fill the containers with a quality, well-draining seed-starting mix or an airy soil mixed with some compost. Avoid using heavy garden soil for initial sowing.
Sow the seeds:
Plant the seeds about 5mm (1/4 inch) deep.
Cover the seeds lightly with soil or a layer of vermiculite.
Water gently, ideally from the bottom, to ensure the soil is moist but not waterlogged.
Create a warm, humid environment:
Place the pots in a warm spot, such as on a kitchen windowsill or under a grow light, as chili seeds need warmth (around 20-35°C or 70-95°F) to germinate.
Cover the pot or tray with a plastic lid or cling film to trap humidity. Open air vents or briefly remove the cover daily to allow some ventilation.
Care for the seedlings:
Keep the soil consistently moist but never let it dry out.
Seeds should germinate in approximately 7-21 days.
Once seedlings appear, remove the plastic cover and ensure they receive plenty of light (6-8 hours of direct sunlight is ideal).
Transplant:
When the seedlings have their first set of "true" leaves and are about 4-6 inches tall, they are ready to be transplanted into larger, permanent pots (at least 12 inches in diameter).
Handle the roots delicately during transplanting to prevent damage.
Ongoing care:
Water the plants regularly, allowing the topsoil to dry slightly between waterings.
Feed with a balanced vegetable fertilizer once the first chillies have set.
To encourage bushy growth, pinch out the main growing tip when the plant reaches about 15-20cm (6-8 inches) in height.
Regularly check for pests and consider spraying with neem oil if needed.