Скачать или смотреть 85. Maximal Rectangle || LeetCode POTD || Explained in HINDI

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The code provided calculates the maximal rectangle in a 2D binary matrix. This is a common problem known as the "maximal rectangle" problem.

Approach:
Row-wise Calculation: The code processes each row of the matrix one by one. For each row, it calculates a histogram-like array curRow representing the height of columns filled with consecutive '1's.

Histogram Area: For each row, the code calculates the largest rectangular area using the largestAreaHistogram function. This function works by calculating the largest rectangle area in the histogram-like array.

Two-Pass Approach: The largestAreaHistogram function uses a two-pass approach:

Left Smalls: In the first pass, it calculates the smallest element to the left of each index.
Right Smalls: In the second pass, it calculates the smallest element to the right of each index.
Maximum Area Calculation: Using the leftSmall and rightSmall arrays, the function calculates the maximum area for each element in the histogram-like array and returns the largest area.

Maximal Rectangle: After processing each row, the code maintains the maximum area across all rows in the variable maxAns and returns it as the final result.

Time and Space Complexity:
Time Complexity: The time complexity of the code is O(m * n), where m is the number of rows and n is the number of columns. This is because the algorithm iterates through each row and applies the largestAreaHistogram function, which itself runs in O(n) time.

Space Complexity: The space complexity is O(n), due to the arrays used for curRow, leftSmall, rightSmall, and the stack for processing the histogram in the largestAreaHistogram function.

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