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HC-05 Bluetooth Module
HC-05 is a Bluetooth module which is designed for wireless communication. This module can be used in a master or slave configuration.

Bluetooth serial modules allow all serial enabled devices to communicate with each other using Bluetooth.

It has 6 pins,

1. Key/EN: It is used to bring Bluetooth module in AT commands mode. If Key/EN pin is set to high, then this module will work in command mode. Otherwise by default it is in data mode. The default baud rate of HC-05 in command mode is 38400bps and 9600 in data mode.

HC-05 module has two modes,

1. Data mode: Exchange of data between devices.

2. Command mode: It uses AT commands which are used to change setting of HC-05. To send these commands to module serial (USART) port is used.

2. VCC: Connect 5 V or 3.3 V to this Pin.

3. GND: Ground Pin of module.

4. TXD: Transmit Serial data (wirelessly received data by Bluetooth module transmitted out serially on TXD pin)

5. RXD: Receive data serially (received data will be transmitted wirelessly by Bluetooth module).

6. State: It tells whether module is connected or not.



HC-05 module Information

HC-05 has red LED which indicates connection status, whether the Bluetooth is connected or not. Before connecting to HC-05 module this red LED blinks continuously in a periodic manner. When it gets connected to any other Bluetooth device, its blinking slows down to two seconds.
This module works on 3.3V. We can connect 5V supply voltage as well since the module has on board 5 to 3.3 V regulator.
As HC-05 Bluetooth module has 3.3V level for RX/TX and microcontroller can detect 3.3 V level, so, no need to shift transmit level of HC-05 module. But we need to shift the transmit voltage level from microcontroller to RX of HC-05 module.
The data transfer rate of HC-05 module can vary up to 1Mbps is in the range of 10 meters.


Specification of HC-05 Bluetooth Module
Bluetooth version: 2.0 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate)
Frequency: 2.4 GHz ISM band
Modulation: GFSK (Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
Transmit power: Class 2 (up to 4 dBm)
Sensitivity: -80 dBm typical
Range: approximately 10 meters (or 33 feet) in open air
Profiles supported: SPP (Serial Port Profile), HID (Human Interface Device) and others
Operating voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC
Operating current: less than 50mA
Standby current: less than 2.5mA
Sleep current: less than 1mA
Interface: UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)
Baud rates: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, and 460800
Operating temperature: -20°C to 75°C (-4°F to 167°F)