What is the endogenous cannabinoid system?

Researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center are tracking the molecular steps that lead to migraine with the hope of developing better preventative and therapeutic options. One of the most promising areas of research is the endogenous cannabinoid system.

The human body recognizes the compounds found in cannabis because of the body’s natural endogenous cannabinoid system, which is found throughout the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system.

Cannabinoids, compounds found in the Cannabis sativa plant, have long been used to treat various maladies including pain. The two primary active cannabinoids, THC and CBD, are considered exogenous cannabinoids because they originate from outside the body. Cannabinoids that originate from within the body are called endocannabinoids.

Cannabinoids act by binding to CB1 and CB2 receptors, located on nerve cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The activation of the receptors causes the cell to take action, such as reducing inflammation or relieving pain. When the desired effect is achieved, enzymes break down the cannabinoids, both exogenous and endocannabinoids, removing them from the body. The various components work together to form the endogenous cannabinoid system.