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Suffix Array. How it works and why it matters.

This video provides an introduction to suffix arrays, a powerful data structure used primarily for string manipulation in programming. It explains what a suffix is, how suffix arrays are constructed, and discusses their efficiency compared to suffix trees, including the concept of longest common prefix (LCP) arrays.

Key Points:

Definition of Suffix Array
A suffix array is defined as an array containing all sorted suffixes of a given string. It serves as a powerful data structure useful for manipulating strings efficiently.

Construction of Suffix Arrays
The video illustrates how to construct a suffix array using examples such as the words 'camel' and 'horse'. It highlights that the suffix array stores only indices of these suffixes rather than the suffixes themselves, which saves space.

Comparison with Suffix Trees
Suffix arrays are introduced as a space-efficient alternative to suffix trees. While both can handle sorted suffixes, suffix arrays are more efficient in terms of space and can provide additional information.

Longest Common Prefix Arrays
The video discusses the concept of longest common prefix (LCP) arrays, which store the number of common characters between sorted suffixes. It provides examples of how to construct LCP arrays and their significance in understanding string similarities.

Time Complexity
The time complexity of constructing LCP arrays is discussed, noting methods exist that can achieve O(n log n) or even O(n) time complexity, making them particularly efficient for string processing tasks.