Art Deco camera SILVER GELTO DIII (prewar model) born in Ginza, Tokyo
東京・銀座で生まれた日本のアールデコ(Art Deco)カメラです。銀座４丁目の服部時計店(機械製作部,後のSEIKO)はGELTOカメラのシャッター製作と初めから関連していました。パリで流行したアールデコ様式(1925年）はすぐにアメリカに伝わり、ニューヨーク・マンハッタンの高層ビル群の建築様式に大きな影響を与えました、代表はクライスラービルです。日本ではお茶の水にある「山の上ホテル」が有名です。
カメラの特徴：
名称：SILVER GELTO DIII (戦前型)、
生産会社：東亜光機、
生産開始年：1938年、
シャッター：GELTO DIII (T, B, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 250),
絞り：3.5, 4.5, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22),
フォーカス：∞ー0.5m.
フィルム：127 (Vest版)、
特記：フイルムはカメラ上部を開閉して挿入する。
参考資料
[1]佐野敬彦、パリ アールデコ誕生、学研、1990.
[3]酒井修一(編)、国産カメラの歴史、朝日新聞社、1994.
[3]中川 忠、精工舎シャッター物語、朝日ソノラマ、PP.6-24., 1998.
I call the pre-war camera introduced here an Art Deco camera born in Ginza, Tokyo. This is because the body of the camera, called Silver, is beautifully crafted, and this camera has no mistake in the decorative design of Art Deco [1] that was popular in the 1930s. The silver color of the body shines like as champagne color by some illusion phenomenon. Perhaps the rough pattern placed on the entire surface of the body creates a special reflected light like champagne bubbles. I can see the cooperation of a chaser. In addition, the body is formed in an octagonal shape with sharp straight lines as a whole, resulting in a clean design and a fresh atmosphere unique to the Art Deco style. I think this camera is a successful example in the world of Art Deco decoration.
Manufacture of this camera began in 1938, and it was made with slight changes before, during, and after the war.
This camera was primarily sold by Hattori Tokeiten in Ginza, Tokyo. The manufacturer of this camera is Toa Kohki. Hattori Tokeiten aimed to produce domestically produced watches from the Meiji era, and its machine manufacturing division later promoted the production of world-class quality watches under the name of Seikosha (SEIKO). It produced Japan's first mechanical wall clock, Japan's first mechanical pocket watch, and Japan's first wrist watch. In addition, Seikosha was in charge of keeping records for athletes at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, and was the first in the world to create a quartz wristwatch. This glorious history of Seikosha has also contributed greatly to the development of camera shutters. Japanese camera sales began with Rokuohsya (later Konica)'s Cherry hand camera (1903) [2], but most of the camera lenses and shutters were imported from overseas. Hattori Tokeiten was famous for its overseas imports from the beginning, but due to the effects of the First World War, it was not possible to import lenses and shutters from overseas, and it became necessary to develop domestically produced shutters. Seikosha then began researching the German-made shutters Vario, Compur and Prontor. Among them, Seikosha first succeeded in the domestic production of the Vario type (around 1930), and subsequently domestically produced Prontor type shutters and Compur type shutters (around 1936). In 1936, Fuji Optical developed the Lyra, a camera whose parts were all made in Japan. Cameras with lenses and shutters made entirely in Japan were beginning to be made. Around this time, Seikosha was associated with GELTO Camera. According to the materials, Seikosha developed and delivered a shutter for GELTO I (probably Takahashi Kogaku, the predecessor of Toa Koki) [3]. The shutter at this time is said to be a Prontor-type LICHIT. This shutter is probably the GELTO No.1 shutter, but the details are unknown. After that, GELTO went on to develop the No.2 shutter and III shutter, but the relationship between these shutters and Seikosha is unknown. Then comes the camera shutter introduced in this video, the GELTO DIII shutter. The relationship between this shutter and Seikosha is unknown. The No.2 and III shutters are made by Takahashi Optical, and the DIII shutter is presumed to be made by Toa Koki. No.2 is unknown, but III and DIII seem to be Compur type. Toa Koki later developed the GERTO LICHT camera (around 1940), which was equipped with the GELTO LICHT shutter manufactured by Seikosha. This shutter comes with a self-timer. During the war, the S-GELTO camera was developed, equipped with a film stop mechanism, and some models used Seikosha's Licht shutter. At the end of the war, the NEW GELTO was developed, allowing the back of the camera to be opened and closed for film loading. After the war, almost the same model as the pre-war Silver Gelto was produced. The camera name is simply named GELTO, but it is generally called SILVER GELTO. Various shutters made in Japan can be seen. The camera body is embossed with a rough pattern and painted in a dull gold color, and is sometimes called GOLD GELTO overseas. Also, the film loading key on the top of the body used to be circular before the war, but after the war it became a stick-shaped switch.
Camera features:
Name: SILVER GELTO DIII (pre-war type),
Production company: TOA KOKI,
Production start year: 1938,
Film: 127 (Vest type),
Note: The film is inserted by opening and closing the upper part of the camera.
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