#4k #福州 #china
東街口是福州市最著名的商業街區之一，擁有超過1700年的歷史。它在晉朝就已經成為福州的商業區，自五代王審知築羅城始之至今1100多年。
東街口的歷史可以追溯到公元282年，當時福州建設晉安郡城，城內設有官府衙門、官員和鄉紳住宅，而商店一般設在城外。為了保護城市安全，環城溝壑被挖掘，南門外的河流是外地貨物的卸貨地。因此，東街口成為了當時最大的集市，批發商、手工業作坊和零售商店都聚集在這裡。
隨著時間的推移，福州城（後稱羅城）在唐末由王審知進行擴建。南門發展到安泰橋，而東街口成為了整個城市的中心，被稱為「十字街頭」。東邊是左通衢（即今天的東街），大型商店多設在這裡；西邊是右通衢，西端有一座楊橋（即今天的楊橋路），河岸兩側種植了很多護堤楊柳，客棧、茶樓和酒家多集中在右通衢。
到了宋代，福州的碼頭被搬遷到澳橋和安泰橋，大宗貨物不再在東街口卸貨。然而，由於城市人口增加，商店也隨之增多，因此東街口成為商業中心區域，南北擴展。東街以南的大街兩旁沿溝河建有許多店鋪，而在舊城虎節門以內的大街，不僅兩旁溝河被店鋪佔滿，東邊溝河外的大路上還建有一條長廊，作為臨時集市。
東街口的繁榮景象在宋代詩人龍昌期的詩中得以描繪：「百貨隨潮船入市，萬家沽酒戶垂簾」。這張景象描繪了東街口一帶的繁榮。
儘管明代以後，批發商逐漸轉移到上杭街、下杭街和三保等地，鴉片戰爭後又轉移到臺江和大橋頭，但東街口始終是福州的商業中心。
除了商業活動，東街口還曾經是不少朝代的官府駐地。清朝時期，閩浙總督衙門就設在東街口，現在的省府路一號。這是一個龐大的院落群，大門左右有兩尊威武的石獅，石獅旁邊分別有一株古老的榕樹，郁郁蔥蔥，茂盛遮陰。正對南面的道路上，有一座宏偉的照壁，過去壁面上畫著麒麟等祥瑞的圖案。這個地方在千年前是宋代福建提刑司的所在地，元代是肅政廉訪司的衙門，明朝是提刑按察司的公署。到了順治十八年（1661年），閩浙總督駐節福州，這裡成為總督衙門。從1935年到1969年，東街口還是福建省政府的所在地。現在它被稱為福建省府禮堂。
此外，福州市著名的「三坊七巷」也位於東街口附近，是全國為數不多的「繁華都市裡的古蹟群」之一。
東街口作為福州市的商業中心，具有悠久的歷史和豐富的文化底蘊。它見證了福州市的發展和變遷，至今仍然是福州市繁華的商業地區之一。
Dongjiekou is one of the most famous commercial districts in Fuzhou City, with a history of over 1700 years. It became a commercial area in Fuzhou during the Jin Dynasty in the year 282 AD. The city at that time had government offices, residences for officials and gentry, while the shops were generally located outside the city. To protect the city's security, moats were dug around the city, and the river outside the South Gate served as a place for unloading goods from other regions. As a result, Dongjiekou became the largest market at that time, attracting wholesalers, handicraft workshops, and retail stores.
Over time, Fuzhou City (later known as Luocheng) expanded under the reign of Wang Shenzhi during the late Tang Dynasty. The southern gate extended to Antai Bridge, and Dongjiekou became the center of the entire city, known as the "Crossing Street." The east side was called Zuotongqu (now Dongjie Street), where large stores were mostly located. The west side was called Youtongqu, and at the western end was Yangqiao (now Yangqiao Road). Many inns, teahouses, and restaurants were concentrated in Youtongqu.
During the Song Dynasty, the Fuzhou dock was relocated to Aobridge and Antai Bridge, and bulk goods were no longer unloaded at Dongjiekou. However, due to the increase in the city's population, more shops emerged, making Dongjiekou a thriving commercial center. The streets south of Dongjie were lined with shops along the moat, and on the main street within the old city Hujiemen, temporary markets were set up under the long corridor.
The prosperity of Dongjiekou was depicted in the poetry of Song Dynasty poet Long Changqi: "Goods accompany the incoming tide, countless shops with wine banners hanging." This scene portrays the bustling atmosphere of Dongjiekou and its surrounding area.
Although wholesalers gradually moved to Shanghang Street, Xiahang Street, and Sanbao after the Ming Dynasty, and later shifted to Taijiang and Daqiaotou after the Opium War, Dongjiekou remained the commercial center of Fuzhou.
In addition to commercial activities, Dongjiekou also served as a government office for various dynasties. During the Qing Dynasty, the Fujian-Zhejiang Governor's Yamen was located in Dongjiekou, specifically at No. 1 Provincial Government Road today. It was a vast courtyard with majestic stone lions on both sides of the entrance, and ancient banyan trees and lush willows planted nearby. Facing the southern road, there was a magnificent archway with auspicious patterns such as qilin painted on its surface. In the past, this location was the site of the Song Dynasty's Fujian Tingxingsi, the Yuan Dynasty's Suxing Lianfangsi, and the Ming Dynasty's Tingxingsi. In the 18th year of Shunzhi (1661), the Fujian-Zhejiang Governor's Yamen was established here. From 1935 to 1969, Dongjiekou was also the location of the Fujian Provincial Government. It is now known as the Fujian Provincial Government Reception Hall.
Furthermore, the famous "Sanfang Qixiang" of Fuzhou City is also located near Dongjiekou. It is one of the rare "historic sites in prosperous cities" in China. Dongjiekou, as the commercial center of Fuzhou City, has a long history and rich cultural heritage. It has witnessed the development and changes of Fuzhou City and remains one of the bustling commercial areas in Fuzhou to this day.
Информация по комментариям в разработке