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A step-by-step guide on how to create a Docker container for Selenium while avoiding headless mode and using Chrome with a user interface. Learn how to properly set up your environment!
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/76769974/ asked by the user 'Nero' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/19995417/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/77096257/ provided by the user 'Nero' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/19995417/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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How to Run Selenium with a GUI in Docker

When working on automation projects, you might need to interact with web pages using Selenium. However, if you want to see the browser in action rather than running your tests in headless mode, you might run into challenges when using Docker. In this post, we'll explore how to set up a Docker container that can run Selenium with a graphical user interface (GUI).

The Challenge

You have a program that interacts with a website using Selenium, which is typically run in headless mode in Docker. However, you need to run your automation tasks while seeing the browser operations in real-time. The main question is: How can you configure Docker to allow Selenium to run with a GUI?

Here’s the basic structure of the Python code you're using:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

You also attempted to set up the Dockerfile by installing Google Chrome and the necessary ChromeDriver but encountered some errors when trying to launch Chrome.

Setting Up Your Dockerfile

To successfully run Selenium with a GUI in Docker, you can follow these steps:

1. Base Image

Start with a lightweight version of Python as the base image. In this case, we'll use python:3.9-slim-buster.

2. Install Dependencies

You need to install essential packages such as wget, unzip, and gnupg2. Then, install Chrome and ChromeDriver.

3. Configure the Environment

To run Chrome in GUI mode, you'll set up a display server using XVFB (X Virtual Framebuffer). This step is crucial for GUI applications running in Docker.

4. Complete Dockerfile Example

Here’s how your complete Dockerfile could look:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

5. Important Note

If you want to run Chrome in headless mode wherein you can still access certain graphical functionalities, you'll need to include the following line within your Selenium options:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Conclusion

By following the steps outlined in this post, you should be able to set up a Docker container that runs Selenium with a GUI effectively. Running your automation tools with a visible browser can greatly enhance debugging and testing. Adjust the Dockerfile as needed to fit your specific requirements, and happy coding!