Скачать или смотреть Extracellular Enzymes Virulence Factors of Staphylococcus Aureus ; Hyaluronidase, Staphylokinase

Staphylococcus aureus produces several extracellular enzymes that contribute to its virulence by breaking down host tissues and evading the immune system. Here are some key enzymes:

Coagulase
Function: Converts fibrinogen to fibrin, leading to clot formation. This helps the bacteria evade phagocytosis by immune cells.

Detection: Tested using the tube coagulase test.

Staphylokinase
Function: Binds to plasminogen and activates it to plasmin, which breaks down fibrin clots. This helps the bacteria spread through tissues.

Detection: Not typically included in routine tests but can be detected in specialized assays.

Lipase
Function: Hydrolyzes lipids, aiding in the breakdown of host cell membranes and nutrient acquisition.

Detection: Assessed through biochemical tests.

Thermonuclease (DNase)
Function: Degrades DNA, which can help the bacteria evade immune responses and spread through tissues.

Detection: Assessed through biochemical tests.

Hyaluronidase (Spreading Factor)
Function: Breaks down hyaluronic acid in connective tissues, facilitating the spread of the bacteria through the host.

Detection: Assessed through biochemical tests.

Proteases
Function: Degrade host proteins, aiding in nutrient acquisition and immune evasion.

Detection: Assessed through biochemical tests.

These enzymes enhance the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus by helping it invade host tissues, evade the immune system, and acquire nutrients necessary for growth

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