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Discover how to stop your Spring Boot application cleanly when triggered by a scheduled task, preventing exceptions during shutdown.
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How to Gracefully Shut Down a Spring Boot Application from a Scheduled Method

In modern applications, it's common to manage resources and dependencies dynamically. One frequent challenge developers face is ensuring applications shut down gracefully, particularly when there are scheduled tasks running. If you've ever faced a situation where your Spring Boot application throws exceptions upon shutting down due to interrupted data sources, this guide is for you.

The Problem

Imagine you have a Spring Boot application that runs a scheduled check against a database every few seconds to determine if it should shut down. Here’s how you might have implemented it:

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However, upon invoking a shutdown based on your database value, you might encounter an exception. Here's an example of the logged error:

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This exception arises typically because the Hikari data source is interrupted during its shutdown process, preventing it from closing gracefully.

Understanding the Solution

The key to resolving this issue is to first close the HikariDataSource explicitly. This warning arises from the JPA EntityManagerFactory and the HikariPool not being able to shut down smoothly when the application is forced to exit.

Step-by-Step Solution

To modify your scheduled method so it first gracefully shuts down the data source, follow these steps:

Modify the Scheduled Method: Update your checkShutdown() method to include the Hikari data source shutdown before exiting the Spring application.

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Explanation of the Code

hikariDataSource.close(): This line gracefully shuts down your connection pool, ensuring all connections are closed properly before the application exits.

Logging: The use of log.info provides a clear indication of when a shutdown is requested, which is helpful for debugging and monitoring.

Benefits

Avoids Exceptions: By closing the Hikari data source first, you can prevent interruptions and related exceptions during the shutdown of your application.

Clean Resource Management: It ensures that all resources are released correctly, making your application more reliable.

Alternative Adjustments

While you explored multiple configurations in your application.yml file, managing the Hikari pool directly is often a more immediate and effective solution. However, ensure that your scheduling shutdown properties are also correctly defined, as they may affect how other tasks handle shutdown operations.

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Conclusion

Managing graceful shutdowns in Spring Boot, especially in conjunction with scheduled methods, is crucial for a healthy application lifecycle. By closing the HikariDataSource before invoking the application exit, you can mitigate the nasty exceptions that may arise during the shutdown process. Always remember to test these changes in a development environment before deploying them to production!

If you have any further questions or need assistance with Spring Boot configurations, feel free to reach out!