are java threads os threads

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sure! let's dive into the concept of threads in java and how they relate to operating system (os) threads.

what are threads?

a thread is the smallest unit of processing that can be scheduled by an operating system. threads are sometimes called lightweight processes. a single process can contain multiple threads that share the same resources (like memory), but each thread has its own execution stack and program counter.

java threads

in java, threads can be created in two main ways:

1. **by extending the `thread` class**.
2. **by implementing the `runnable` interface**.

java threads are mapped to native os threads through the java virtual machine (jvm). this means that java threads are typically implemented as os threads, which allows java to take advantage of the underlying operating system's threading capabilities.

creating a thread in java

here's a simple example demonstrating both methods of creating threads in java.

1. extending the thread class



2. implementing the runnable interface



explanation of the code

1. **extending the thread class**:
we create a class `mythread` that extends `thread`.
the `run` method contains the code that will execute when the thread is started.
we create instances of `mythread` and call `start()` to begin execution.

2. **implementing the runnable interface**:
we create a class `myrunnable` that implements `runnable`.
the `run` method contains the code that will execute when the thread is started.
we create `thread` objects with `myrunnable` instances and call `start()` to begin execution.

key concepts

**thread states**: a thread can be in various states: new, runnable, blocked, waiting, timed waiting, and terminated.
**synchronization**: when multiple threads access shared resources, synchronization is necessary to avoid data inconsistency. this can be achieved using synchronized methods or blocks.
**thread pooling**: for managing multiple threads efficiently, you can use th ...

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