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Who are the Russian hackers? Russian Fancy Bear APT...

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*Analysis by Marc Bennetts, Moscow - The Times Magazine
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Who are the Russian hackers?

They have comical and exotic names such as Fancy Bear, Voodoo Bear and Sandworm. But these espionage groups, named by Britain today as operations run by Russia’s GRU military intelligence, are thought to have carried out cyberattacks on a bewildering array of targets, from the Democratic Party in the United States to the World Anti-Doping Agency.

The most notorious of the groups is Fancy Bear, which is believed to have come into existence in the early 2000s. In 2008 the group hacked into Georgian government ministries before the Russian army advanced into the former Soviet state.

Fancy Bear’s most infamous hack was on the Democratic National Committee in 2016, when the group duped staffers into opening “phishing” emails, giving it access to damaging information on Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign.

The group’s members are Russian speakers and they work on Moscow time, according to cyber experts who have analysed its operations. Some have suggested that hackers at Fancy Bear and other Russian cyber groups may be top computer programmers who are either paid or pressured into working for GRU. Cybersecurity experts say that Fancy Bear is also known by the names Sofacy, Strontium and Tsar Team.

APT 28, another hacking group linked by Britain to GRU, is thought to have been operating since at least 2007, using sophisticated computer coding techniques to gain access to sensitive information on governments and militaries that would benefit the Kremlin. The group is believed to have targeted Nato and the anti-conflict Vienna-based Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).

Like other suspected GRU-linked cyber groups, APT 28 utilises malware, or malicious software, to cause disruption. The group’s hackers use “coding practices indicative of methodical, diligent programmers” according to a report by FireEye, a cybersecurity company in California. “They are capable of doing some of the most technically advanced computer network operations that FireEye sees anywhere in the world,” Chris Porter, a researcher at the company, told Wired magazine.

Ukraine has been a favourite target for Russian hackers since a pro-western government came to power in the former Soviet country in 2014. A form of ransomware, which blocks access to data unless a fee is paid, caused shutdowns in the Kiev metro and at a major airport in the country last year, and was linked to the GRU.

There have been apparent own goals: ransomware, known as Bad Rabbit, is also said to have affected Russia’s central bank.

Source: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/wh...

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Marc Bennetts is a Moscow-based British journalist. His work has appeared in Newsweek, The Times, Politico, and Esquire, among other UK and US publications. He has reported from Russia, Ukraine, North Korea, and Iran.