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The firewall and it’s types explained 🤓
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What is a firewall?
A firewall acts like a safety barrier between the internal network of a given device and external traffic from the internet. Stick around and learn how firewalls operate, the different types of firewalls, and why they are essential for modern network security.

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Contents:

00:00 Intro
00:14 What is a firewall?
00:37 How does a firewall work?
01:15 Types of firewalls
02:26 Why do you need a firewall
02:46 VPN vs. firewall

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If it’s not a burning wall, then what is a firewall?

In short, the main job of a firewall is to create a safety barrier between the internal network of a given device and external traffic from the internet. Stick around and learn how firewalls operate and why they are essential for modern network security.

The internet is full of malicious traffic and hackers who will try to penetrate and sneak into private networks to do harm. Firewalls act as security guards to prevent this. They are essential, especially for larger organizations that have a significant number of computers that hold sensitive information.

Let’s get into the details. Your computer communicates with the internet in the form of data sets called data packets. These packets contain data like source addresses, destination IPs, and other valuable information. Data packets enter the device through destination ports. A firewall comes into play here since it has a set of predefined rules for different packets. Those rules can be:

Source IP
Destination IP
Protocol
Port Number

So only those packets that have trusted sources or IP addresses can pass. Others are automatically rejected. That’s how a firewall can block hackers and other unauthorized traffic from entering your network.

Depending on the system and network needs, different types of firewalls can be deployed. First on the list is packet filtering firewalls. This type of firewall examines packets predefined by specific rules. It’s a fast but basic solution that could be enough for individual use. Alternatively, stateful inspection firewalls have dynamic packet filtering capabilities and monitor active connections, making decisions based on the traffic state. Application-level proxy firewalls act as a middleman, inspecting data at the application layer. They provide more security but reduce speed. Finally, next-generation firewalls have advanced features like malware detection and intrusion prevention capabilities.

Now, all these firewalls can be divided into two types: host and network. A host firewall is a software-based firewall typically used on individual devices, focused on monitoring incoming or outgoing traffic. A network firewall is hardware based and keeps an eye on the whole network by controlling the traffic between internal and external networks. Sometimes both of these firewall systems are implemented to add an extra layer of security.

The recent growth in cybercrime makes firewalls a logical solution for individuals and organizations to protect their sensitive data. Firewalls block and mitigate common threats, such as unauthorized access, denial-of-service attacks, malware, phishing attacks, botnets, and more.

Cybercrime kickstarted the development of other cybersecurity solutions, like VPNs. Unlike firewalls, VPNs encrypt the internet traffic and change IP addresses, making the user’s activity more private and more secure when they surf the web. In other words, VPNs encrypt the data in transit, while firewalls filter and control the traffic. Both of these solutions could be strategically implemented to enhance your security online.

Unfortunately, just using a firewall isn’t enough — it must be configured properly. Security gaps, like open ports, must be eliminated to protect exposed systems from unauthorized traffic and other attacks.

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