IT general controls (ITGC) ITGC Controls: Getting it Right | Understanding ITGC in Cybersecurity

IT general controls (ITGC) ITGC Controls: Getting it Right | Understanding ITGC in Cybersecurity

Definition & Examples of IT General Controls (ITGC)
IT General Controls Audit
IT General Control (ITGC) Audit
ITGC: IT General Controls
IT General Controls



Physical and environmental security: This includes controls that protect the physical infrastructure of the IT environment, such as the data center, server rooms, and network devices.

Access control to IT facilities
Data center security
Computer room security
Environmental controls
Disaster recovery planning
How to implement?
Implement access control to IT facilities, data centers, and computer rooms.
Install security cameras and alarms.
Monitor environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity.
Develop a disaster recovery plan.

Logical security: This includes controls that protect the logical access to IT systems, such as user authentication, password management, and access control lists.

Access control to computer systems and applications
Password management
Data encryption
User account management
Security logs and monitoring


Implement access control to computer systems and applications.
Use strong passwords and password management practices.
Encrypt data at rest and in transit.
Monitor security logs for suspicious activity.



Backup and recovery: This includes controls that ensure that data can be restored in the event of a system failure or data loss.


Data backup
System backup
Restore procedures
Test procedures
How to implement?
Back up data regularly.
Store backups offsite.
Test backups to ensure they are restorable.



Change management: This includes controls for managing changes to IT systems and applications, such as configuration management and testing.

Configuration management
Testing
Approvals
Documentation


Implement a configuration management system.
Test changes before they are implemented.
Get approvals for all changes.
Document all changes.



Information Security
The term “information security” refers to all practices, processes, and tools used to protect a company’s information assets and systems. It is critical to implement standardized forms of information security, to ensure that information remains secure and protected.
This typically involves processes that prevent data loss of all types, including data theft, exfiltration, and corruption, and accidental modification, as well as processes that protect against known cyber threats and techniques, and strategies for dealing with unknown and zero day attacks.

What are the best practices for implementing ITGCs?

Start with a risk assessment: The organization should conduct a risk assessment to identify the specific risks that its IT systems face.
Tailor the controls to the organization's needs: The organization should tailor its ITGCs to its specific needs and risk profile.
Implement the controls in a phased approach: The organization should implement the controls in a phased approach, starting with the most critical controls.
Monitor and review the controls: The organization should monitor and review the controls on a regular basis to ensure that they are effective.




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