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Environmental Toxicology is the study of how harmful chemicals and pollutants affect the environment and living organisms, including humans.

Key Points:
Focus: Examines the effects of toxic substances (like pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals) on air, water, soil, plants, animals, and people.

Sources of Toxins: Industrial waste, agriculture, mining, oil spills, etc.

Effects:

On humans: cancer, birth defects, nervous system damage.

On wildlife: reproductive failure, death, population decline.

Goal: To understand risks and develop ways to reduce or prevent harm to ecosystems and health.

Environmental toxicology helps guide environmental laws and pollution control efforts.