Lives of Sahaba 19 - Umar b. Al-Khattab 8 - Ruling over Non-Muslims & his Death - Yasir Qadhi

View all previous videos in this series here:    • Lives of the Sahaba - Series  

In this video, Shaykh Dr. Yasir Qadhi covers the controversial yet necessary part of Umar Ibn Al-Khkattab [r], Ash-shurut Umariyah, (Umari Conditions) the conditions he placed on the Ahle-Kitab. Also covered in this video is the death of Umar [r].

Main points from this video are:

-Umar [r]'s time was the first time a large group of non-Muslims were being ruled by a Khalifa.
-These conditions(shurut) are not found in the books of hadith, as they are not from the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).
-However, historical stories don't need authentic chains in the same manner that the prophetic Hadith do.
-Some Muslims have denied these conditions as they are not seen to be modern, but this does not change history
-Non-Muslims can keep existing places of worship, but cannot build new ones.
-Shirk cannot be done in public, but only in private.
-May not invite others to shirk in public.
-Cannot spread doubts or criticize Muslims
-Cannot spy on Muslims
..etc.
-Many of these conditions would be considered unfair or politically incorrect today
-How to view these conditions of Umar [r]?
-We have a spectrum of opinions.
-The way to view things is:
a) Today's understandings are very modern and if you go back even a few centuries in Europe, there was very little acceptance of religions other than one's own. In other words, such understandings needs to be contextualized.
b) From this perspective, Umar [r]'s conditions were progressive and liberal. He guaranteed freedom of religion and safety/security for people of the other faith in the context of his time.
c) Preference has always been given, and continues to be given, to citizens of a nation state. But unlike the modern nation state, one was free to join Islam and lift all conditions of his free will, whereas one may not earn the privileges of a nation state of his free will (ie, just by a vocal declaration, as is the case for accepting Islam).
-Are these conditions (Umar [r]'s) a necessary part of the Sharia? The answer is a resounding "no."
-His ijtihaad was his, they are not binding to the entire Ummah.

His death:

-Umar [r] used to make du'a for dying as a shaheed in Medina
-He had a premonition about his death being near
-On his last khutbah, he mentioned how to choose the next khalifa
-Abu Lulu Al-Majusi (Firoz), a Persian slave, attacked Umar [r] after fajr with a poisoned dagger and also took his own life when surrounded and captured by the Muslims.
-Umar [r]'s last advice was: "Whoever abandons the salah has no share in being a Muslim"
-He asked for water, made Wudu and prayed fajr.
-He settled his will, and asked his son to go ask Ayisha (r) if he may be buried next to his two companions (ie, Abu Bakr [r] and Prophet Muhammad [pbuh]).
-Umar [r] passed away on a Wednesday, 26th or 27th of Dhul-Hijjah, 23rd year of Hijrah, at age of 63, after ruling for 10 years. (same age as Abu Bakr [r] and Prophet Muhammad [pbuh]).


-Watch the full video to learn about these stories and much more.

Presentation details: December 2, 2015 @ Memphis Islamic Center

In this series, Lives of the Sahaba, Shaykh Dr. Yasir Qadhi discusses the lives of the noble companions, some of the greatest and most blessed human beings to ever live after the death of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him [S].

While not a comprehensive history of the Khulafa Ar-Rashidoon, this series will provide a summarized biography of the men and women considered to be the Sahaba (companions of the Prophet [s]), including the Mothers of the Believers (the wives of the Prophet).

Please help MIC produce additional beneficial and educational content such as this presentation by visiting us at www.MemphisIslamicCenter.org/d­onate

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